Citations -- media, capitalization, underlining or quotation marks

Citing a Sound Recording

Citing an entire CD - performer's name, title of the recording, manufacturer, year of issue.

Example:
Holiday, Billie. The Essence of Billie Holiday. Columbia, 1991.


If it's not a CD, put the medium right before the publisher's name.

Example:
Def Leppard. The Vault. Audiocassette. EMI, 1987.

If you are citing a specific song, put its title in quotation marks.

Example:
Holiday, Billie. "God Bless the Child." The Essence of Billie Holiday. Columbia, 1991.

Citing a Film or Video Recording

Citing a film - title, director, original release date, medium, distributor, release date for that medium.
--Other information - the names of the performers - between the title and the distributor

Examples:
It's a Wonderful Life. Dir. Frank Capra. Perf. James Stewart, Donna Reed, Lionel Barrymore, and Thomas Mitchell. 1946. DVD. Republic, 2001.

Rasomon. Dir. Akira Kuroawa. 1950. Videocassette. Home Vision, 2001.

Capitalization and Punctuation

Capitalize: nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, and subordinating conjunctions

Examples:
Noun: The Flowers of Europe
Pronoun: Save Our Children
Verb: America Watches Television
Adjective:The Ugly Duckling
Adverb: Slightly Corrupt
Subordinating Conjunction: One If by Land

DO NOT capitalize: Articles (a, an, the), prepositions, and coordinating conjunctions

Examples:
Article: Under the Bamboo Tree
Preposition: The Merchant of Venice
Coordinating Conjunction: Romeo and Juliet

Underlining vs. Quotation Marks

Underline/ Italicize:

1. Book
2. Play
3. Long Poem Published as a Bood
4. Pamphlet
5. Newspaper
6. Magazine
7. Film
8. TV program
9. CD, Audiocassette, Album
10. Ballet
11. Opera
12. Long Musical Composition
13. Painting
14. Sculpture
15. Ship
16. Aircraft
17. Spacecraft

Quotation Marks:

1. Newspaper Article
2. Magazine Article
3. Encyclopedia Article
4. Essay in a Book
5. Short Story
6. Poem
7. Chapter in a Book
8. Episode of a TV program
9. Song
10. Lecture

EXCEPTIONS:

Do not underline or quotation marks:

1. Sacred Writings ( Bible, Koran, Talmud, etc.)
2. Laws ( Declaration of Independence)
3. Societies (American Medical Association)
4. Buildings and Monuments (Sears Tower)

Practice Exercises

1. Correct capitalization: THE IMMORTAL LIFE OF HENRIETTA LACKS
2. Correct capitalization: The girl who kicked the hornet's nest
3. Correct capitalization: Unbroken: a world war II story of survival, resilience, and redemption
4. Correct capitalization: BAREFOOT CONTESSA HOW EASY IS THAT?: FABULOUS RECIPES & EASY TIPS
5. What are the 3 parts of speech that you do NOT underline?
6. Underline or put quotation marks: Cosmopolitan (magazine)
7. Underline or put quotation marks:
   

   Glee: The Complete First Season

8. Do you underline or put quotation marks around paintings?
9. Do you underline or put quotation marks around aircraft and spacecrafts?
10. What are the 5 exceptions for underling and quotation marks?